A unique combustible mixture, today they are used to propel cars with an internal combustion engine installed. Then they began to produce it on primitive distillation plants, more similar to a moonshine.

After successful processing attempts and a number of unique experiments, the first plant for the production of gasoline, kerosene and other petrochemical products was opened in the city of Mozdok. From that moment, the oil industry began to develop rapidly and everyone had the opportunity to refuel their car with high-quality gasoline. And each time you refuel your car, looking at this unique fuel, you ask yourself the question: “So how is gasoline made?”

Interesting fact: at the end of the 19th century, the first internal combustion engine was created in Europe. Its creator Gottlieb Daimler at that moment began a real revolution, as a result of which we can see every day such a variety of cars and vehicles.

What is gasoline made from?

For the production of gasoline, clean, unpolluted oil must be extracted from the bowels of the earth. To do this, use drilling rigs and special equipment that pumps it to the surface and fills the storage tanks. Using vehicles or a pipeline, it is sent to a special processing plant. Oil goes through several stages of purification and separation from the initial mass of pure high-octane gasoline and other components. The result is gasoline, diesel and jet fuel.The finished product is sent for sale to all corners of the planet.

Crude oil storage

At each oil refinery, there are special tanks in which raw materials are stored until the day of gasoline production. A special pipeline fills the tanks with fresh oil from the wells and, when fully filled, pumps them out to the cleaning stage.

Crude oil refining

Oil enters a special apparatus for preliminary cleaning of third-party inclusions. Water is added to the feed and gently mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Electricity is passed through the contents of the tank, causing the salt to settle to the bottom. During exposure to electricity, oil is washed with water and cleared of salts by 90%. Pure oil is distilled through a pipeline to the atmospheric vacuum distillation stage and catalytic cracking.

Primary processing

In an apparatus for atmospheric vacuum distillation, crude oil is heated to a boiling state under the influence of an elevated temperature and is divided into components. As a result, straight-run gasoline is obtained, which is sent for export and raw materials for further processing. After complete separation, using a special pipeline system, gasoline is pumped to temporary storage, and the raw materials to a vacuum unit. Boiling raw materials are heated even more to obtain light petroleum products suitable for diesel fuel. To isolate 92 and 95 fractions, the feed is sent to the catalytic reforming and cracking step.

Recycling

Through the pipeline system, the feed enters the catalytic reforming apparatus. It removes impurities and third-party inclusions, resulting in pure fractions. They are assigned octane numbers 95 or 92 and sent to the mixing step. In another part of the plant, a catalytic cracking process is carried out, as a result of which contaminated raw materials are purified from sulfur and third-party inclusions. After complete purification, the liquids from the two processes are mixed and gasoline is obtained.

Interesting fact: for one person on the planet, for one day of life, 2 liters of crude oil have already been extracted and processed, which without problems can be bought in the form of gasoline and refuel your car.

Quality checking

In a special laboratory, they check oil, raw materials from different stages of production and finished gasoline for quality.

In case of violation of the technological process, the products are sent for additional cleaning or processing.

The whole process of oil refining is to split a viscous liquid into many molecules. Light molecules are separated, resulting in gases, diesel and gasoline.